Influence of abiotic stresses on content of energy in winter whe

INFLUENCE OF ABIOTIC STRESSES ON CONTENT OF ENERGY IN WINTER WHEAT PLANTS

We observed influence of abiotic factors and their combinations at winter wheat cultivars (Astela, Estica, Ilona, P'atria, Plodna, Olga, Samanta, Vlada, Vlasta, Zdar) during vegetation. Plants were effected by following abiotic factors: affluence and insufficiency of water, low nutrition amount (when comparing with standard mineral nutrition), high temperature, low pH and mutual combination of mentioned factors. We studied trial cultivars at laboratory conditions, pot and field trials. At trial variants we observed influence of abiotic factors on energy amount accumulated in l g of dry matter of vegetative parts and grains during onthogeny, above all in full ripe. Heat combustion values we measured with combustion calorimeters Laget MS 10A. We recounted acquired values per I g of dry matter (kJ.g-1 of dry matter).

When observing energy amount in individual parts of plants during onthogeny we measured the lowest heat combustion values in dry matter of coleoptyles, low values in roots, higher in vegetative parts of plants and the highest values in grains.

When evaluating the influence of abiotic factors on heat combustion values of vegetative parts of plants (straw) we found out higher influence at conjunct abiotic factors. Most of all showed combination drought-low pH-high temperature at cultivars Zdar, Plodna and Estica. When studying the influence of abiotic factors on heat combustion values of dry matter grains we found out, that neither low amount of nutrition and draught nor low pH did not significantly effect this value. Measured values show that some cultivars are in some abiotic factors more perceptive.

As a result of' our conclusion we can stale that heat combustion grain value is relatively stable value and is determined especially by genotype of cultivar.

Autor: V. Novák, F. Hnilička, L. Bláha, J. Zámečník, M. Ottová

Zdroj: COST 828, Workgroup 2 Meeting. Self pollinated field crops for grain use. May 28 -

29 1999, Prague, p. 16, 1999